VOLUME 3 ISSUE 1
LINKAGES FOR MIGRATION, REMITTANCES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCES FROM BANGLADESH
Authors: Anika Alam Khan, Shahriar Kabir
Published: 2020-December-15
The perception of inward remittance flow-led economic growth is framed mostly for cross-country scenarios; however, the country-specific causal link between migration, remittances, and economic growth is little explored. This study examines the migration-remittance-growth linkage for Bangladesh using time-series data from 2001 to 2017 and the Vector Autoregression (VAR) framework. The study identifies one-way negative causality on migration arising from both remittances and economic growth. The study does not find any significant causality between higher economic growth and remittances, nor from migration on economic growth or migration on remittance. Thus, the study suggests that higher economic growth or higher remittance inflow may discourage migration in the long run. Hence, a higher level of income through faster economic growth may end up with a lower level of inward remittance growth. Proper long-term policy design is required to handle such a situation.
Download for More DetailsMACROECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF NON-PERFORMING LOANS FOR SELECTED DEVELOPING ECONOMIES
Authors: Mohammed Naveed Adnan Siddiquee, Nafees Reza
Published: 2020-December-15
A wide range of academic literature confirms the harm of rising levels of NPL on macroeconomic performance (for example, GDP growth, unemployment rate, and inflation rate). The core objective of this paper is to identify the macroeconomic determinants which explain the changes in the NPL ratio. The determinants will serve as a guideline for policymakers to design present and future safeguards against rising NPL ratio in the financial sector. Fifteen developing countries were considered for the period ranging from 2008 to 2017. Using the fisher type ADF test, all the macroeconomic variables were tested for unit-root. Afterward, the System GMM Estimation was used to investigate the relationship between macroeconomic variables and the NPL ratio. The inflation and Lending rate become statistically insignificant once lags were introduced to the model. The GDP growth rate and the one period lagged NPL ratio have a statistically significant impact on the NPL ratio in all model specifications.
Download for More DetailsSTUDY OF CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF SILICON-BASED CERAMICS IN NAOH AND JARUL LEAF SOLUTION
Authors: A.K.M. Parvez Iqbal, Nayem Hossain
Published: 2020-December-15
This paper represents the corrosion behavior of silicon-based ceramics composed of silicon, aluminum, magnesium, and iron in HCl and Jarul leaf juice intending to find a suitable solution that makes minimum corrosion. Four different solutions of HCl of Ph value of 0.86, Jarul leaf juice of Ph value of 4.97, 60% HCl with 40% Jarul leaf juice of Ph value of 1.13, and 40% HCl with 60% Jarul leaf juice of Ph value of 1.31 were prepared. At first, the weights of the four samples of silicon-based ceramics were taken. Then they were kept in four different solutions for 30 days. Again, the weight of each sample was measured and compared with the weight of before 30 days, the weight difference was found. The effect of corrosion on the surface of each material was studied. Finally, morphological analyses of samples are performed by scanning electron microscopy.
Download for More DetailsEVALUATION OF RESIDENTIAL WATER CONSERVATION PRACTICE OF DHAKA BANGLADESH
Authors: Mahfuzur Rahman, Md Monirul Islam
Published: 2020-December-15
Rapid population growth along with contamination of water is adversely affecting Dhaka’s water supply and making it difficult to meet the city’s water demand. Proper measures should be implemented to overcome the abuse of water. This study has been accomplished using the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) to evaluate the residential water conservation practice in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. This research revealed various courses of action to improve residential water conservation. First, an index system was developed. Then, a pair-wise comparison was used to produce weights using Saaty’s rating scale for each criterion. In this study, the highest assessment index value for multi-level AHP fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was 0.40, which can be termed as “Fair†based on the fuzzy comment set. The evaluated results exhibit a new opportunity for water resource management, planning, and design, and a means to target water abuses.
Download for More DetailsASSESSMENT OF JOB SATISFACTION AND RELATION TO EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF KINDERGARTEN SCHOOL TEACHERS IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Muslima Zahan , Shuvashis Chandra Das
Published: 2020-December-15
The paper represents job satisfaction and employee engagement in the Kindergarten School. The purpose of the paper is to measure job satisfaction among kindergarten school teachers in Bangladesh and then to investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and employee engagement. To conduct the study, three hypotheses have been developed and tested with multiple regression and correlation from the SPSS output. To collect data, a survey questionnaire was developed and filled up by 456 teachers from 114 kindergarten schools in Bangladesh. The paper explores that absence of Hygiene factors, such as Remuneration, Working condition, Administrative policy cause higher job dissatisfaction and lack of Motivators, such as Advancement, Recognition cause lower job satisfaction among kindergarten school teachers. The paper also tests the relationship status between job satisfaction and employee engagement which describes a strong positive relationship. Consequently, most of the school teachers who are the respondents of this study are considerably dissatisfied as well as disengaged.
Download for More DetailsTHE COMMONALITIES OF TOPICAL DEVELOPMENT IN IELTS EXAMINATION AND NNS-NNS CONVERSATION
Authors: Shahneela Tasmin Sharmi
Published: 2020-December-15
Background: Standardised tests like IELTS Speaking examination has various parameters to gauge the English speaking competency of an individual. . However, there are doubts whether conversations that occur in standardised tests bear resemblance to real-life conversations. Since these tests assess an individual’s conversational proficiency, it is important to examine the resemblances in order to understand whether a natural conversation can take place in tests. Objective: To understand the differences between the IELTS speaking interview and real-life conversations. Methods: The paper is heavily reliant on qualitative data. An original discourse between two NNSs from Bangladesh pursuing postgraduate degree in England was recorded for the purpose. They engaged in conversation in a non-institutionalised environment. Result: Although the questions for IELTS examinations are pre-set unlike in genuine conversation, the former bears similarity with real-life conversations. Both speakers act as 'examiners' in conversation: Speaker A initiates conversation through topic changes or topic fading, while Speaker B uses back-channelling to allow Speaker A to keep the floor.
Download for More DetailsTECHNOLOGY ENHANCED LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING FOR THE TERTIARY LEVEL STUDENTS OF BANGLADESH: POSSIBILITIES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Md. Mukibuzzaman Khan, Ms. Imrana Islam
Published: 2021-December-15
The use of technology has been increasing in higher education for decades and educational research has demonstrated different ways of integrating the use of technology into ESL teaching. The expansion of the information and communication technology has provided ESL teachers with the technological tools that can be implemented as pedagogical instruments in classrooms. The research, therefore, focuses on participants’ views regarding the integration of technology in language learning activities and the educators’ views on the possibilities and challenges of technology enhanced language teaching in ESL classrooms in Bangladesh. The study explores the participants’ views through a survey among sixty tertiary level students of three institutions and sixteen language teachers of the same institutions. The findings of the research are useful for ESL teachers to know about the possibilities and challenges of using technology in ESL teaching in Bangladesh.
Download for More DetailsANALYSIS NUMERICALLY AND USING THE RANKING FORMULA: CAUSES OF THE LOAN CLASSIFICATIONS AND IMPACT ON THE PROFITS OF THE PUBALI BANK LIMITED
Authors: Runu Biswas
Published: 2020-December-15
Loan classification is a common phenomenon in the banking arena. Firstly, this study observes loan classification and recovery of loan classification within 5 consecutive years of Pubali Bank Limited. Secondly, it tries to identify the causes of a loan classification from both the bankers and the defaulted customers’ points of view of the Pubali Bank Limited. Thirdly, it talks about the impact on profit of Pubali Bank Limited for the classified loan. And finally, it forwards some suggestions for improving the recovery performance of the classified loans. To identify the causes of loan classification, a total of 200 respondents’ opinions have been taken which are randomly collected from 473 different branches of Pubali Bank Limited. The recovery of classified loans and the classified credit outstanding are hugely different from the years 2012 to 2016. To investigate the causes of loan classification, a questionnaire-based survey has been conducted to collect the primary data. The study shows that the lack of loan supervision is the vital reason for loan classification which is marked by the 62% defaulted customers; while on the other hand 66% bankers traced that the most important cause for the loan classification is lack of loan supervision. This study describes that the classified loan rate is the most important issue that has negative effect on bank profitability and inability to survive. Classified credits of the Pubali Bank’s will not end in a blink, they have to reduce gradually. Therefore, Pubali Bank will have to train the customers before and after distribution loan, create reasonable interest rates, monitoring clients and select the genuine borrowers through fair investigation.
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